Definition:

Misinformation is any incorrect information that is shared without an intent to deceive. The person sharing it probably thinks it's true. 

Definition:

Disinformation is false or misleading information shared with an intent to mislead, confuse, or deceive people. 

How does it happen?

Anyone can share misinformation, whether verbally or online.

Regular internet users might see disinformation - or just mistaken reporting - and assume it's true. If they share it, they spread misinformation. Being careful and critical about information you share can help reduce the spread of misinformation. 

How does it happen?

Disinformation is created on purpose by people with an agenda. Often this agenda is political or social, but there are also examples of disinformation being introduced as a prank.

Social media algorithms reward clicks and attention. Bad actors wanting to introduce disinformation can take advantage of this, especially if they have money for ads. Once the disinformation is out there, anyone who believes it might share it, helping it spread and even go viral.